Homoarginine (hArg) is an endogenous nonprotein amino acid, a pair of homologous amino acids to Arg, and is the synthetic substrate of NO synthesis. Recent studies have shown that hArg plays an important role in cardiovascular, liver, neurological function, and intrauterine growth restriction. However, compared with Arg, the application of hArg in human and animal research is still at an early stage, and its mechanism of action has not been fully proved. Therefore, the synthesis, transport and metabolic pathways of hArg were reviewed to provide theoretical support for the application of functional amino acids in animal production.
In order to reveal the changes in yield, dry matter accumulation, transport and photosynthetic characteristics of different paternal maize hybrids,the hybrids of Tangsipingtou bloodline, Luda red bloodline, Lancaster bloodline and tropical bloodline hybrids were used as experimental materials, and their yield, dry matter accumulation, transport and photosynthetic characteristics were analyzed by routine statistical analysis. The results showed that performances of both yield and net photosynthetic rate were as follows: hybrids with Tangsipingtou bloodline as male parent>hybrids with tropical bloodline as male parent>hybrids with Lancaster bloodline as male parent>hybrids with Buda red bone bloodline as male parent. The hybrids with Tangsipingtou bloodline as male parent had the highest contribution to dry matter accumulation, dry matter transfer and transfer rate, and dry matter transfer to grain. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between yield and net photosynthetic rate and dry matter transfer rate (R=0.982*, 0.956*). In this experiment, the hybrid combination with Tangsipingtou bloodline inbred line as male parent and Reid bloodline inbred line as female parent was superior to other combinations in yield, dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics, which could increase the success rate of breeding.
T5/ T6 generation of JNhrpZPsta2004-30-384 transgenic plants were used as the source of plant materials. The molecular detection and stability identification of T5 and T6 soybean lines were carried out by PCR, Southern blot and qRT-PCR techniques, and then indoor artificial inoculation was used for disease resistance analysis. The results show that the CaMV35S promoter, Nos polyA terminator, target gene and Bar gene were expressed in transformed soybean, indicating that the target gene was stably inherited. The Southern blot assay revealed that multiplecopy of the fragment was inserted in the transformed soybean, and the site was different. The qRT-PCR detection results indicate that the target gene was expressed in all organs (leaves, shoots and roots) of the transgenic soybeans, with the highest expression level in leaves and the lowest in roots. The hrpZPsta expression of roots, shoots and leaves in T5 generation was 2.871, 1.363 and 7.743， respectively, and the hrpZPsta expression of roots, shoots and leaves in T6 generation was 3.577, 1.664 and 8.589, respectively. In accordance with the “identification of soybean gray spot disease technical specifications”, the results suggest that the disease index of T5/T6 untransformed soybean was 52.4% and 50.6%, respectively, and the disease index of T5/T6 transformed soybean was 38.7% and 38.4%, respectively. The untransformed soybean belonged to the medium susceptibility level and transgenic soybean belonged to the medium resistance level.
The pesticide residues of ginseng will exceed the standard and affect the medicinal value of ginseng.It is one of the potential biological control measures to use biocontrol bacteria to control ginseng diseases.A biocontrol bacterium C10 was isolated from ginseng rhizosphere soil by soil dilution method.It was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The results showed that the antibacterial rate of the strain was 80.95%. The results showed that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens C10 could significantly reduce the infection of rust rot fungi on ginseng stems and roots. In addition, microbial diversity analysis showed that inoculation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens C10 significantly reduced the richness index of fungi in ginseng rhizosphere soil. It can be seen that the use of this fungus has a positive effect on the prevention and control of ginseng rust rot.
In order to obtain the cabbage plant resistant to turnip mosaic virus disease and bolting, the construction and genetic transformation of bivalent antisense plant expression vectors were studied. Using TuMV-Nib and LFY genes, an antisense bivalent plant expression vector was constructed and transformed into Agrobacterium LBA4404. Based on the engineering strain, Agrobacteriummediated vacuum infiltration method was used to transform 4 Chinese cabbage inbred lines, and 16 transgenic plants identified by PCR and TuMV infection were obtained. Seven strains were identified as resistant to TuMV virus and bolting in the field. It provides germplasm materials for transgenic Chinese cabbage resistant to antiviral diseases and bolting.
In this study, the effects of corn stover deep incorporation with different amounts on the composition of black soil humus were studied for solving the problems of stover utilization and soil subsurface fertilization. By taking black soil in the Teaching and Scientific Research Base of Jilin Agricultural University as research object, 5 treatments of ck, 1/2CS, CS, 2CS and 3CS were designed, which respectively represent no corn stover application, halfamount corn stover deep incorporation (4.5 t/hm2), fullamount corn stover deep incorporation (9.0 t/hm2), double of corn stover deep incorporation (18.0 t/hm2) and triple of corn stover deep incorporation (27.0 t/hm2), and then water soluble substance, humic acid, fulvic acid and humin were extracted by humus composition modification method. The results showed that corn stover deep incorporation could effectively increase soil fertility and improve humus composition, and molecular structure of HA and FA developed in the direction of simplification, among which the effect of fullamount corn stover deep incorporation (CS) was the most obvious. Compared with ck, full-amount corn stover deep incorporation (CS) also significantly increased the contents of soil available nutrients (N, P and K), among which the growth of alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen content in surface and subsurface was 11.94% and 29.52%, respectively, the growth of available phosphorus content in surface and subsurface was 27.14% and 54.04%, respectively, and the growth of available potassium content in surface and subsurface was 32.76% and 46.25%, respectively; Compared with ck, fullamount corn stover deep incorporation (CS) significantly increased the content of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic carbon content of humus components, and the contents of SOC, WSS, HA, FA and HM organic carbon in surface and subsurface increased by 30.08% and 32.15%, 137.50% and 157.14%, 63.57% and 63.86%, 4.39% and 6.34%, 24.75% and 25.40%, respectively; Fullamount corn stover deep incorporation (CS) treatment also had the highest degree of humification, and PQ values of the surface and subsurface were 66.35% and 65.18%, respectively; Compared with ck, fullamount corn stover deep incorporation (CS) treatment significantly increased the values of HA and FA tonality coefficient ΔlgK, HA ΔlgK of surface and subsurface increased by 7.19% and 12.48%, respectively, and FA ΔlgK increased by 4.19% and 10.18%, respectively.
The study of the effects of temperature and moisture on mineralization of black soil organic carbon is of great significance to reveal the law and mechanism of organic carbon mineralization in black soil under the background of climate change. Through a 280 d indoor culture experiment, changes of the total organic carbon and light and recombined organic carbon content, composition of aggregates and distribution characteristics of the total organic carbon in different grade aggregates were studied in two black soils with different organic carbon content under different temperature and moisture interactions. The results showed that the total organic carbon and light and recombined organic carbon content of the two black soils decreased with the increase of temperature when water content was 5%-50%; At 10-30 ℃, the total organic carbon and light and heavy organic carbon content of high organic carbon soil decreased to the minimum value when water content of high organic carbon soil was 29% (equivalent to about 70% of field water capacity) and water content of low organic carbon soil was 23% (equivalent to 60%-70% of field water capacity). In the mineralized total organic carbon, the mineralization ratio of light group was higher than that of heavy group, the mineralization rate of the total organic carbon and light and heavy organic carbon in high organic carbon soil was higher than that in low organic carbon soil, and the response of high organic carbon soil to temperature and water change was more sensitive than that of low organic carbon soil. After 280 d of incubation under different temperature and moisture conditions, the macro aggregates > 025 mm tended to transform into < 025 mm micro aggregates. When temperature was 30 ℃, soil water content of high organic carbon and 29% and that of low organic carbon soil was 23%, and the mineralization of organic carbon in large aggregates was the largest.
To investigate acidity characteristics at different depths of paddy soil derived from different parent materials, a series of soil samples at different depths were collected from 25 sites with 4 parent materials (red sandstone, river alluvium, quaternary red clay and plate shale) to be determined and analyzed. The results indicated, at 0-20 cm soil layers, paddy soil acidity was larger than that of 60-100 cm soil layers, soil exchangeable calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium( Mg2+) derived from contents quaternary red clay parent materials were significantly higher than that of plate shale parent material, and there were no significant difference between red sandstone and river alluvium parent materials. Compared with 0-100 cm soil layers, at 20-80 cm soil layers, paddy soil pH increased significantly by 0.54-1.26, exchangeable hydrogen(H+) content decreased significantly by 0.12-0.15 cmol/kg, exchangeable aluminum(Al3+) content decreased significantly by 1.06-1.38 cmol/kg, exchangeable Ca2+content increased significantly by 0.81-2.22 cmol/kg, exchangeable Mg2+content increased significantly by 0.30-1.08 cmol/kg, there is no significance on different parent materials; At 80-100 cm soil layers, soil pH and exchangeable Ca2+ contents derived from quaternary red clay, red sandstone and river alluvium parent materials were significantly higher than that of plate shale parent material. Soil exchangeable Al3+ content derived from plate shale parent material were significantly higher than that of quaternary red clay parent material, and there were no significant difference between red sandstone and river alluvium. Soil exchangeable Mg2+ content derived from quaternary red clay, red sandstone and plate shale parent materials were significantly higher than that of river alluvium parent material. Paddy soil pH derived from different parent materials significantly positively correlated with exchangeable H+and Al3+, organic matter and total nitrogen, but negatively correlated with exchangeable Ca2+and Mg2+ (P< 0.01). At 80-100 cm soil layers, the acidity of paddy soil was larger at 0-20 cm soil layer, affected by exchangeable H+and Al3+, exchangeable Ca2+and Mg2+, organic matter and total nitrogen, at 80-100 cm soil layers, soil acidity variability was less, affected by parent materials, showing that acidity of paddy soil derived from red sandstone, river alluvium, and quaternary red clay parent materials was less than that of plate shale.
The present study was undertaken to elucidate direct effect of Gallic acid (GA), one of the phenolic compound, on mice TM3 Leydig cell apoptosis, using WST-1, JC-1, DAPI and realtime PCR techniques. The results showed that after adding different concentrations of GA (0, 20, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L) to the culture system for 24 h, the viability of TM3 cells was downregulated in a dosedependent manner. Compared with control group, the viability of TM3 cells in 20 to 400 μmol/L GA treatment groups was significantly decreased（P＜0.05）. GA inhibited the expression of cell proliferation related genes Cyclin B1 and PCNA mRNA（P＜0.05）, on the contrary, it promoted the expression of apoptosis related gene BAX mRNA, which resulted in mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, nuclear condensation and apoptotic body formation. In conclusion, GA had a significant inhibitory effect on the viability of TM3 cells, and thus promoted the apoptosis of TM3 cells.
Aiming at the physical and chemical properties of soda salinealkali soil in Northeast China, depth, speed and shovel type of subsoiling were selected as test factors by using field mechanical dynamic parameter telemeter, and resistance of subsoiling was taken as test index. Data analysis was carried out by using Design Expert software. The results show that the order of the significance of the effects of various factors on the working resistance is subsoiling depth>working speed>subsoiling shovel type. When the depth of subsoiling is 35 cm, the working speed is 0.83 m/s, and the subsoiling shovel type is chisel subsoiling shovel, the working resistance is the smallest.
